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The trade compliance solutionsengine is the power source of modern vehicles, and it is also the most important mechanical parts.The structure and operation principle of the engine are based on mechanics and physics, and some common faults will also be encountered in the process of practical application. This article will discuss the structure and operation principle of simple engines, as well as the elimination methods of common faults, hoping to provide reference and help for car owners. I. Structure and operating principle of the engine. The main components of the engine include cylinder, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft and cylinder head, etc. The operating principle of the engine is to make the piston move back and forth by burning fuel, thus driving the rotation of the connecting rod and crankshaft to generate power for the vehicle. The specific operation process can be divided into four stages: 1. In the intake stage, when the piston in the cylinder moves down, the piston goes down to create a volume even larger than the cylinder. This makes the pressure at the bottom of the piston greater than the environment, so the external air can enter the cylinder from the intake valve.At the same time, the fuel/air mixture above the piston will also be sucked into the cylinder along the intake channel. Two. In the compression phase, when the intake is over, the engine begins to enter the compression stage. At this stage, the intake valve and exhaust valve will be closed, and the Piston will begin to move up. This significantly reduces the volume of the cylinder, thus compressing the fuel/air mixture until it reaches the point of ignition. 3. Once the fuel mixture is ignited during the working phase, an explosion will occur. The energy released by combustion will impact the piston and transmit force to the crankshaft, thus powering the vehicle. Four. Once the exhaust phase is finished, the exhaust valve will open to release the exhaust gas. The piston will then move up under the action of the exhaust valve, pushing most of the exhaust gas out of the cylinder. Due to the inertia of the crankshaft, the piston will continue to rise when it reaches the upper part until the exhaust valve closes.II. Common troubleshooting methods 1. Engine shaking Engine shaking is usually caused by poor rotational balance of the engine. When the engine is running, it will constantly rotate and vibrate. If it is affected by certain factors or worn, there will be jitter. There are many ways to eliminate engine shaking, and the easiest way is to change the engine oil. Two. Engine smoke is usually caused by the uneven mixing ratio of engine fuel. When the fuel/air mixing ratio is incorrect, it will lead to incomplete combustion, resulting in black smoke or white smoke. If you find smoke in the engine, you should immediately send the vehicle to a professional repair agency for inspection. 3. The engine sound is abnormal. When the engine is running, it will produce a certain sound, but if the engine sound is abnormal, it may be caused by loose crankshaft bearing, damaged piston ring, broken oxygen sensor and other reasons.When you feel that the sound is abnormal, you should send the vehicle for repair as soon as possible. Four. Engine spark plug failure Spark plug is an important part of the engine, which will directly affect the state of combustion. If the spark plug is used for a long time, it will accumulate a lot of dust, carbon and oil stains, etc., resulting in difficulties in starting the vehicle, poor exhaust and other phenomena. It is recommended to replace or repair the spark plugs from time to time. Summary: As the power system of the vehicle, the engine is of great significance. Mastering the basic structure and operating principle of the engine will greatly help car owners to troubleshoot common problems. In a word, maintaining the good condition of the vehicle and always maintaining the good working condition of the engine can ensure that the vehicle is more stable and safe.

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